Папа Сикст V…СРБИН ИЗ КРУШЕВИЦЕ У БОКИ КОТОРСКОЈ
Папа Сикст V (лат. Sixtus V; Гротамаре, 13. децембар 1521 — Рим, 24. август 1590). Рођен је као Срећко Перић (Феличе Перети итал. Felice Peretti), једини римски папа српског порекла, изабран је 24. априла 1585, по смрти папе Григорија XIII.
Био је пореклом из Црне Горе, из села Крушевице у Боки Которској. Потписивао се са Перети, што на италијанском значи Крушкар.
Према Хроници Андрије Змајевића, његов отац, Пјеро Ђентиле, потиче из Которског залива, а рођен је у селу Бјелеске Крушевице надомак Бијеле, у породици Шишић. Теорија да потиче од Свилановића је незаснованан[1]. Као дете, служио је у римокатоличком манастиру у Котору, где је прешао из српског православног у римокатоличко хришћанство. Потом га је у Италију одвео један италијански фратар. Настанио се у Анкони, где се оженио Маријаном де Фронтило и добио сина Феличеа Перетија[2].
Феличе је ступио у фрањевачки манастир Монталто кад је имао само девет година. Након студија у Ферари и Болоњи, заредио се 1547. године
Postoje tri glavne teorije o porijeklu Pape Siksta V. Koje se zasnivaju na istorijske izvore: hronike Andrije Zmajevića kao i dokumenta iz Vatikanske arhive………
a) Krugu velikana crkvene istorije sa područja Crne Gore pripada i papa SIKST V PERETIJE (Gratomore, 13.12.1520. – 24.8.1590). Izabran je za papu 24.4.1585. godišta, nakon smrti pape Gregorija XIII. Jedan je od najčuvenijih papa svijeh vremena. Papa Sikst V Peretije je porijeklom iz Crne Gore, iz sela Kruševice u Boki Kotorskoj, iznad Veriga, iz plemena Svilanovića koji su priješli u Italiju. (Svi Svilanovići su pravoslavci i slave Sv. Nikolu, ali se i ponose papom Sikstom V Peretijem koji je isticao svoje porijeklo). Njegov program je bio da Crkvu učini potpuno nezavisnom od svake svjetovne sile, i da im se nametne kao gospodar. Potpisivao se sa Peretti, Peretto, što na italijanskom znaci Kruškar. To je, ujedno, i dokaz da nije zaboravio svoje porijeklo (Kruševice u Boki Kotorskoj). U vezi sa tijem, legenda zbori da su u njegovom grobu, prilikom sahrane, zasijale tri zlatne kruške.
b) Papa Sikst V (Grotamare, 13. decembar 1521 — Rim, 24. avgust 1590). Rođen kao Feliče Pereti (ital. Felice Peretti), izabran je za papu 24. aprila 1585, nakon smrti pape Grgura XIII.
Prema Hronici Andrije Zmajevića, njegov otac, Pjero Đentile, potiče iz Kotorskog zaliva, a rođen je u selu Bjeleske Kruševice nadomak Bijele, u porodici Šišić. Teorija da potiče od Svilanovića je nezasnovana. Kao dijete, služio je u katoličkom manastiru u Kotoru, đe je prešao iz ortodoksnog u katoličko hrišćanstvo. Potom ga je u Italiju odveo jedan italijanski fratar. Nastanio se u Ankoni, đe se oženio Marijanom de Frontilo i dobio sina Feličea Peretija.
Feliče je stupio u franciskanski manastir Montalto kad je imao samo 9 godina. Nakon studija u Ferari i Bolonji, zaredio se 1547. godine.
Reference
^ Andrija Zmajević:H Hronike
c) PAPA SIKSTO V.
Kažu da je Sikstov otac, pravoslavac iz sela Bjelske Kruševice, sat hoda od Bijele na sjeveru, iz porodice Šišić, mada ima i onih izvora koji kažu da je bio od Svilanovića, kao dijete služio u katoličkom manastiru u Kotoru. Tu je primio i katoličku vjeru, a u Italiju ga je odveo neki fratar, inače Italijan. Nastanio se u jakinškom okruženju (Ancona), đe se i oženio i đe mu se rodio sin koji je, kasnije, postao Papa Siksto Pereti.
Zašto Siksto – zato što je bio od Šišića.
Zašto Pereti – spomen na rodno mjesto njegovog oca, Kruševice (na italijanskom: kruška = pera), a na njegovom grbu je lav, koji u ruci drži grančicu sa tri kruške.
Da ovo nije samo legenda, čita se u ljetopisu Andrije Zmajevića, nadbiskupa barskog i primasa Srbije („Država slavna i sveta crkvenog ljetopisa“) : „… Siksto Peti Papa porodi se od ubožijeh roditelja Slavjana, oca i Kruševice, sela u Boki od Kotora …“
(12) 7. PERETTI MONTALTO, O.F.M. Conv., Felice (1521-1590)
Birth. December 13, 1521, Grottammare, near Montalto. Of a poor family. Son of Pier Gentile or Peretto Peretti, a farm worker, and Marianna da Frontillo. He took the last name Peretti in 1551. He was known as Cardinal Montalto. Grand-uncle of Alessandro Damasceni Peretti (1585). Second cousin of Cardinal Andrea Baroni Peretti Montalto (1596). Great-grand-uncle of Cardinal Francesco Peretti Montalto (1641).
Education. Started studying under his uncle Salvatore, who was a Franciscan friar, in 1531. Entered the Order of the Friars Minor Conventual (Franciscans), Montalto, 1533; received the religious habit keeping his baptismal name, 1535; took his religious vows, 1536; started studying philosophy at the convent of Fermo; resided in the convents of Pesaro, 1538; Iesi, 1539; and Arcevia, 1540. Received the subdiaconate. Entered the conventual studio of Ferrara as student of theology, September 1, 1540; received the diaconate during that academic year. Sent to the studio of Bologna by the minister general of the order, 1543 to 1544; taught metaphysics and canon law at the studio of Rimini, 1546; and Siena, 1546-1548. Obtained a doctorate in theology in Fermo, 1548; and received the title of magister, July 22, 1548.
Priesthood. Ordained, 1547, Siena. Prefect of the Studium of Fermo, 1548. Rector of the convent of Siena, 1551. Charged by the minister general of the order with the canonical visitation of the convents of Montefeltro. Called to Rome in 1552 by Cardinal Rodolfo Pio de Carpi, protector of the Franciscans. His notoriety proceeded from his Lent sermons before several cardinals in the basilica of Ss. XII Apostoli, Rome, in 1552. Accused before the Inquisition because of his doctrine, he was cleared after an examination by Commissary General Michele Ghislieri, future Pope Pius V. Regent of the convent of San Lorenzo, Naples, 1553-1556; of the Studio of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice, July 1556; resigned in that same month and retired to Marche. Named member of the papal commission for the reform of the Roman Curia, 1556. Apostolic inquisitor for Venice and its dominion from January 17, 1557 to 1560. Theologian consultor of the Holy Office from 1560. Theologian of the Council of Trent from 1560. Professor of the Archiginnasio of Rome. Procurator general of his order from 1561; vicar general from 1566, after the death of Minister General Antonio Savioz da Aosta; apostolic president from 1567. Accompanied Cardinal Ugo Buoncompagni, together with Stefano Bonucci, O.S.M., in the cardinal’s legation a latere to Spain in 1565, to assist the cardinal in the examination of the cause of Archbishop Bartolomé Carranza de Miranda of Toledo.
Episcopate. Elected bishop of S. Agata dei Goti, retaining the post of vicar general of his order until the next general chapter, November 15, 1566. Consecrated, January 12, 1567, in the church of the Blessed Sacrament, Naples, by Antonio Lauro, bishop of Castellammare di Stabia, assisted by Giovanni Antonio Astorch, bishop of Lettere, and by Giovanni de Amatis, bishop of Minori.
Cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of May 17, 1570; received the red hat and the title of S. Girolamo degli Schiavoni, June 9, 1570. Transferred to the see of Fermo, December 17, 1571; governed the diocese through vicars. Participated in the conclave of 1572, which elected Pope Gregory XIII. Resigned the government of the see before August 14, 1577. He spent the pontificate of Pope Gregory XIII, with whom he had clashed on the legation to Spain in 1565 (when the pope was Cardinal Ugo Buoncompagni), in retirement in his villa on the Esquiline hill, Rome; there he prepared an edition of St. Ambrose. Participated in the conclave of 1585 and was elected pope.
Papacy. Elected pope on April 24, 1585. Took the name Sixtus V. Crowned, May 1, 1585, at the steps of the patriarchal Vatican basilica, by Cardinal Ferdinando de’ Medici, deacon of S. Maria in Domnica. Created thirty three cardinals in eight consistories. Issued the constitutionsPostquam, December 3, 1586, reorganizing the Sacred College of Cardinals; Religiosa on the suburbicarian sees and the cardinalitial titles and deaconries; and Immensa, establishing the dicasteries of the Roman Curia.
Death. August 27, 1590, Rome. Buried in the chapel of Presepe, which he had founded (1), in the patriarchal Liberian basilica, Rome.
Bibliography. Cardella, Lorenzo. Memorie storiche de’ cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa. Rome : Stamperia Pagliarini, 1793, V, 136-139; Chacón, Alfonso. Vitæ, et res gestæ Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm ab initio nascentis Ecclesiæ vsque ad Vrbanvm VIII. Pont. Max. 2 volumes. Romae : Typis Vaticanis, 1630, II, col. 1713-1714; Eubel, Conradus and Gulik, Guglielmus van. Hierarchia Catholica Medii et Recentioris Aevi. Volumen III (1503-1592). Münich : Sumptibus et Typis Librariae Regensbergianae, 1935; reprint, Padua : Il Messagero di S. Antonio, 1960, pp. 44, 63, 97 and 196-197; Giordano, Silvano. „Sisto V.“ Enciclopedia dei papi. 3 vols. Rome : Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, 2000, III, 202-222; Hübner, Alexander, Graf von. The life and times of Sixtus the Fifth : from unpublished diplomatic correspondence in the State archives of the of the Vatican, Simancas, Venice, Paris, Vienna, and Florence. In two volumes. Uniform title: Sixte-Quint. London : Longmans, 1872. Note: Spine title: Memoir of Pope Sixtus the Fifth./ Translation of: Sixte-Quint : d’après des correspondances diplomatiques inédites. Responsibility: by Baron Hübner ; translated from the original French by Hubert E.H. Jerningham; Kelly, John Norman Davidson, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1986, pp. 271-273; Mandel, Corinne.Sixtus V and the Lateran Palace. Roma : Istituto poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato, Libreria dello Stato, 1994. Note: Abstract of thesis (Ph. D.)–University of Toronto, 1991; Selley, W. T. Sixtus V : the hermit of Villa Montalto. Leominster, Herefordshire : Gracewing, 2011.
Links. Biography by Michael Ott, in English, The Catholic Encyclopedia; biography, in Italian, Enciclopedia, Treccani; biography by Helmut Feld, in German, Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon; Sulle tracce di Sisto V, in Italian, Grottammare.org; his episcopal lineage by Charles N. Bransom, Jr., in English, Apostolic Succession in the Roman Catholic Church; his statue in Grottammare, Grottammare.org; portrait and biographical data, in Italian, Benvenuti a Grottammare (AP); his portrait by Alessandro Varotari, called Padovanino, Galleria dell’Accademia di San Luca, Rome, iccd immagini, Fototeca Nazionale, Italy; his engraving by Francesco Clerici, Fondazione Marco Besso, Rome; his statue by Tiburzio Vercelli and A. Calcagnini, in Loreto; his bust by Torrigiani, Victoria and Albert Museum, London, England; his statue by Accursio Baldi, called il Sansovino, in the façade of Palazzo dei Priori, Fermo; his monument in the patriarchal Liberian basilica, Rome; and his funeral monument designed by Domenico Fontana and sculpted by Giovanni Antonio Paracca, called Il Vasoldo, in the patriarchal Liberian basilica, Rome, Wikimedia.
(1) In 1574, he had the tomb of Pope Nicholas IV transferred to that chapel, providing it with a splendid mausoleum.